- ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS
- AHA - American Heart Association
- ARB - Angiotensin II receptor blockers
- BB - Beta blocker
- ER - Extended release
- HCTZ - Hydrochlorothiazide
- IR - Immediate release
Atenolol (Tenormin®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 25 mg
- 50 mg
- 100 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 50 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 50 - 100 mg once daily
- Max: 100 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 1 - 2 weeks
- May take without regard to food
Angina
- Starting: 50 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 50 - 100 mg once daily
- Max: 200 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 1 - 2 weeks
- May take without regard to food
Migraine prevention (off-label)
- 50 - 100 mg/day
- May take without regard to food
Kidney disease
- CrCl 15 - 35 ml/min - maximum dose 50 mg once daily
- CrCl < 15 ml/min - maximum dose 25 mg once daily
Liver disease
- Manufacturer makes no specific dosage recommendations
- Atenolol undergoes little or no liver metabolism
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Atenolol is a selective beta blocker
- Full blood pressure effect seen in 1 - 2 weeks
Bisoprolol (Zebeta®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 5 mg
- 10 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 5 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 5 - 20 mg once daily
- Max: 20 mg once daily
- May take without regard to food
Heart failure (off-label)
- Starting: 1.25 mg once daily
- Target: 10 mg once daily
- In the CIBIS II trial, bisoprolol was started at 1.25 mg once daily, and the dose was increased by 1.25 mg/week for 3 weeks. 5 mg and 7.5 mg doses were given for 4 weeks each before reaching a target of 10 mg.
- While bisoprolol is not FDA-approved to treat heart failure, it is one of three beta blockers recommended by the AHA for heart failure because of the CIBIS II results.
- May take without regard to food
Kidney disease
- CrCl < 40 ml/min - the initial dose should be 2.5 mg once daily
- Dosage increases should be done with caution
Liver disease
- For patients with significant liver disease, the initial dose should be 2.5 mg once daily
- Dosage increases should be done with caution
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Bisoprolol is a selective beta blocker
- Starting dose of 2.5 mg once daily may be appropriate in patients with asthma or COPD
Carvedilol IR (Coreg®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 3.125 mg
- 6.25 mg
- 12.5 mg
- 25 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 6.25 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 6.25 - 25 mg twice a day
- Max: 25 mg twice a day
- Increase dose at intervals of 7 - 14 days
- Take with food to slow the rate of absorption and decrease the risk of orthostatic effects
Heart failure
- Starting: 3.125 mg twice a day for 2 weeks
- Maintenance: 6.25 - 25 mg twice a day
- Max: 25 mg twice a day
- Increase dose at intervals of 2 weeks
- Take with food to slow the rate of absorption and decrease the risk of orthostatic effects
Kidney disease
- Carvedilol levels are increased 40 - 50% in patients with moderate to severe kidney disease. Changes in mean peak plasma levels are less pronounced, approximately 12% to 26% higher. Manufacturer makes no specific recommendation.
Liver disease
- Carvedilol is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C)
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Carvedilol is a nonselective beta blockers with alpha-1 blocking activity
- Coreg® PI states that doses of 50 mg twice a day have been used in heart failure patients weighing > 187 pounds (85kg)
Carvedilol ER (Coreg CR®)
Dosage forms
Capsule, extended release
- 10 mg
- 20 mg
- 40 mg
- 80 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 20 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 20 - 80 mg once daily
- Max: 80 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 7 - 14 days
- Take with food
- Capsule may be opened and sprinkled over applesauce
Heart failure
- Starting: 10 mg once daily for 2 weeks
- Maintenance: 20 - 80 mg once daily
- Max: 80 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 2 weeks
- Take with food
- Capsule may be opened and sprinkled over applesauce
Kidney disease
- Carvedilol levels are increased 40 - 50% in patients with moderate to severe kidney disease. Changes in mean peak plasma levels are less pronounced, approximately 12% to 26% higher. Manufacturer makes no specific recommendation.
Liver disease
- Carvedilol is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C)
| Coreg® to Coreg CR® conversion | |
|---|---|
| Coreg® | Coreg CR® |
| 3.125 mg twice daily | 10 mg once daily |
| 6.25 mg twice daily | 20 mg once daily |
| 12.5 mg twice daily | 40 mg once daily |
| 25 mg twice daily | 80 mg once daily |
Generic / Price
- YES/$$Other
- Carvedilol is a nonselective beta blockers with alpha-1 blocking activity
Labetalol (Trandate®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 100 mg
- 200 mg
- 300 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 100 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 200 - 400 mg twice a day
- Max: 1200 - 2400 mg/day
- Increase dose in increments of 100 mg/dose at intervals of 2 - 3 days
- May take without regard to food. Food increases absorption.
Kidney disease
- In patients with decreased renal function, the elimination half-life of labetalol is not altered
Liver disease
- In patients with decreased hepatic function, the elimination half-life of labetalol is not altered; however, the relative bioavailability in hepatically-impaired patients is increased due to decreased first-pass metabolism
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Labetalol is a nonselective beta blockers with alpha-1 blocking activity
- Full antihypertensive effect seen within 1 - 3 hours after initial dose
Metoprolol succinate ER (Toprol-XL®)
Dosage forms
Tablet, extended-release
- 25 mg
- 50 mg
- 100 mg
- 200 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 25 - 100 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 100 - 400 mg once daily
- Max: 400 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 1 week
- Take with or immediately following a meal
Heart failure
- Starting: 25 once daily for 2 weeks
- Maintenance: 100 - 200 mg once daily
- Max: 200 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 2 weeks
- Patients with NYHA class III or IV heart failure should use a starting dose of 12.5 mg once daily
- Take with or immediately following a meal
Angina
- Starting: 100 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 100 - 400 mg once daily
- Max: 400 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 1 week
- Take with or immediately following a meal
Migraine prevention (off-label)
- 150 - 200 mg/day
- Titrate dose over several weeks
- Take with or immediately following a meal
Kidney disease
- No dosage adjustment is necessary in kidney disease
Liver disease
- Blood levels are likely to be increased. Start therapy at lower doses and increase gradually.
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Metoprolol is a selective beta blocker
- Tablet may be cut in half
- Tablet should not be crushed or chewed
Metoprolol tartrate IR (Lopressor®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 25 mg
- 50 mg
- 100 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 100 mg a day
- Maintenance: 100 - 450 mg a day
- Max: 450 mg a day
- May give in one or two divided doses
- Increase dose at intervals of 1 week
- Take with or immediately following a meal
Angina
- Starting: 50 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 50 - 200 mg twice a day
- Max: 400 mg a day
- Increase dose at intervals of 1 week
- Take with or immediately following a meal
Migraine prevention (off-label)
- 150 - 200 mg/day
- Titrate dose over several weeks
- Take with or immediately following a meal
Kidney disease
- No dosage adjustment is necessary in kidney disease
Liver disease
- Blood levels are likely to be increased. Start therapy at lower doses and increase gradually.
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Metoprolol is a selective beta blocker
- Beta-1 selectivity decreases as dose increases
- At lower doses (100 mg a day), twice a day dosing may be necessary to maintain 24-hour effect
Nadolol (Corgard®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 20 mg
- 40 mg
- 80 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 40 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 40 - 80 mg once daily
- Max: 320 mg once daily
- May take without regard to food
Angina
- Starting: 40 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 40 - 80 mg once daily
- Max: 240 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 3 - 7 days
- May take without regard to food
Migraine prevention (off-label)
- 40 - 80 mg/day
- May take without regard to food
Kidney disease
- CrCl > 50 ml/min: dosage interval is 24 hours
- CrCl 31 - 50 ml/min: dosage interval is 24 - 36 hours
- CrCl 10 - 30 ml/min: dosage interval is 24 - 48 hours
- CrCl < 10 ml/min: dosage interval is 40 - 60 hours
Liver disease
- Nadolol is not metabolized by the liver and is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Liver disease by itself would not be expected to affect nadolol clearance.
Generic / Price
- YES/$-$$Other
- Nadolol is a nonselective beta blocker
Nebivolol (Bystolic®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 2.5 mg
- 5 mg
- 10 mg
- 20 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 5 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 5 - 40 mg once daily
- Max: 40 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 2 weeks
- May take without regard to food
Kidney disease
- CrCl < 30 ml/min: recommended starting dose is 2.5 mg once a day; titrate slowly as needed
Liver disease
- Child-Pugh B: recommended starting dose is 2.5 mg once a day; titrate slowly as needed
- Child-Pugh C: not recommended
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Nebivolol is a selective beta blocker
Pindolol (Visken®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 5 mg
- 10 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 5 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 5 - 30 mg twice a day
- Max: 60 mg a day
- Increase dose in increments of 10 mg/day every 2 - 4 weeks
- May take without regard to food
Kidney disease
- Poor renal function has only minor effects on pindolol clearance
- CrCL < 20 ml/min: clearance is significantly reduced. Use caution.
Liver disease
- Poor hepatic function may cause blood levels of pindolol to increase substantially. Use caution.
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Pindolol is a beta blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA)
Propranolol IR (Inderal®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 10 mg
- 20 mg
- 40 mg
- 60 mg
- 80 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 40 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 60 - 120 mg twice a day
- Max: 640 mg a day
- May take without regard to food
Angina
- Dosing: 80 - 320 mg a day given in 2 - 4 divided doses
- May take without regard to food
Atrial fibrillation
- Dosing: 10 - 30 mg three to four times a day before meals and at bedtime
- May take without regard to food
Migraine prevention
- Starting: 80 mg a day
- Maintenance: 160 - 240 mg a day
- Give in 2 - 3 divided doses
- May take without regard to food
Essential tremor
- Starting: 40 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 60 mg twice a day
- Max: 320 mg a day
- May take without regard to food
Kidney disease
- Use caution. Clearance is decreased.
Liver disease
- Propranolol is extensively metabolized by the liver. Use caution. Clearance is decreased.
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Propranolol is a nonselective beta blocker
- In hypertension, lower doses may achieve better control with 3-times-a-day dosing
Propranolol ER (Inderal® LA)
Dosage forms
Capsule, extended-release
- 60 mg
- 80 mg
- 120 mg
- 160 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 80 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 120 - 160 mg once daily
- Max: 640 mg once daily
- May take without regard to food
Angina
- Starting: 80 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 160 mg once daily
- Max: 320 mg once daily
- Increase dose at 3 - 7 day intervals
- May take without regard to food
Migraine prevention
- Starting: 80 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 160 - 240 mg once daily
- May take without regard to food
Kidney disease
- Use caution. Clearance is decreased.
Liver disease
- Propranolol is extensively metabolized by the liver. Use caution. Clearance is decreased.
Generic / Price
- YES/$Other
- Propranolol is a nonselective beta blocker
Propranolol ER (Innopran XL®)
Dosage forms
Capsule, extended-release
- 80 mg
- 120 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 80 mg once daily at bedtime
- Maintenance: 80 - 120 mg once daily at bedtime
- Max: 120 mg once daily
- Take consistently either on an empty stomach or with food
Kidney disease
- Exposure is increased. Start with 80 mg once daily and monitor for marked bradycardia and hypotension.
Liver disease
- Exposure is increased. Start with 80 mg once daily and monitor for marked bradycardia and hypotension.
Generic / Price
- NO/$$$$Other
- Propranolol is a nonselective beta blocker
- Cannot be substituted for Inderal LA®
- Full antihypertensive effect achieved in 2 - 3 weeks
Timolol (Blocadren®)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- 5 mg
- 10 mg
- 20 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 10 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 10 - 20 mg twice a day
- Maximum: 30 mg twice a day
- Increase dose at intervals of ≥ 7 days
- May take without regard to food
Myocardial infarction
- Dosing: 10 mg twice a day
- May take without regard to food
Migraine prevention
- Starting: 10 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 10 - 30 mg a day
- Daily doses of 10 and 20 mg may be given once daily
- 30 mg dose should be given in divided doses
- May take without regard to food
Kidney disease
- Clearance is decreased. Use caution.
Liver disease
- Clearance is decreased. Use caution.
Generic / Price
- YES/$-$$Other
- Timolol is a nonselective beta blocker
Corzide® (nadolol + Bendroflumethiazide)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- Nadolol - Bendroflumethiazide
- 40 mg - 5 mg
- 80 mg - 5 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 40/5 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 40/5 - 80/5 mg once daily
- May take without regard to food
Generic / Price
- YES/$$Dutoprol® (metoprolol succinate ER + HCTZ)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- Metoprolol - HCTZ
- 25 mg - 12.5 mg
- 50 mg - 12.5 mg
- 100 mg - 12.5 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 25 mg/12.5 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 25 mg/12.5 mg - 200 mg/25 mg once daily
- Max: 200 mg/25 mg once daily
- Increase dose at intervals of 2 weeks
- May take without regard to food
Generic / Price
- NO/$$$$Inderide® (propranolol IR + HCTZ)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- Propranolol - HCTZ
- 40 mg - 25 mg
- 80 mg - 25 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 40 mg/25 mg twice a day
- Maintenance: 40 mg/25 mg - 80 mg/25 mg twice a day
- Max: 80 mg/25 mg twice a day
- May take without regard to food
Generic / Price
- YES/$Lopressor HCT® (metoprolol tartrate IR + HCTZ)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- Metoprolol - HCTZ
- 50 mg - 25 mg
- 100 mg - 25 mg
- 100 mg - 50 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Dosing: Metoprolol may be dosed up to 200 mg/day. HCTZ may be dosed up to 50 mg/day. Daily dose may be given once daily or divided and given twice a day.
- Metoprolol doses of ≤ 100 mg/day may be more effective if given in divided doses
- Take with or immediately following a meal
Generic / Price
- YES/$Tenoretic® (atenolol + chlorthalidone)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- Atenolol - Chlorthalidone
- 50 mg - 25 mg
- 100 mg - 25 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 50 mg/25 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 50 mg/25 mg - 100 mg/25 mg once daily
- May take without regard to food
Generic / Price
- YES/$Ziac® (bisoprolol + HCTZ)
Dosage forms
Tablet
- Bisoprolol - HCTZ
- 2.5 mg - 6.25 mg
- 5 mg - 6.25 mg
- 10 mg - 6.25 mg
Dosing
Hypertension
- Starting: 2.5 mg/6.25 mg once daily
- Maintenance: 2.5 mg/6.25 mg - 20 mg/12.5 mg once daily
- Max: 20 mg/12.5 mg once daily
- Titrate dose at intervals of 14 days
- May take without regard to food
Generic / Price
- YES/$- Kidney disease dosing
- Atenolol (Tenormin®)
- CrCl 15 - 35 ml/min - Maximum dose 50 mg a day
- CrCl < 15 ml/min - Maximum dose 25 mg a day
- Bisoprolol (Zebeta®)
- CrCl < 40 ml/min - the initial dose should be 2.5 mg a day
- Dosage increases should be done with caution
- Carvedilol (Coreg®, Coreg® CR)
- Carvedilol levels are increased 40 - 50% in patients with moderate to severe kidney disease. Changes in mean peak plasma levels are less pronounced, approximately 12% to 26% higher. Manufacturer makes no specific recommendation.
- Labetalol (Trandate®)
- Manufacturer makes no specific dosage recommendations
- Metoprolol (Toprol®, Lopressor®)
- No dosage adjustment is necessary in kidney disease
- Nadolol (Corgard®)
- CrCl > 50 ml/min: dosage interval is 24 hours
- CrCl 31 - 50 ml/min: dosage interval is 24 - 36 hours
- CrCl 10 - 30 ml/min: dosage interval is 24 - 48 hours
- CrCl < 10 ml/min: dosage interval is 40 - 60 hours
- Nebivolol (Bystolic®)
- CrCl < 30 ml/min: recommended starting dose is 2.5 mg once a day; titrate slowly as needed
- Pindolol (Visken®)
- Poor renal function has only minor effects on pindolol clearance
- CrCL < 20 ml/min: clearance is significantly reduced. Use caution.
- Propranolol (Inderal®)
- Use caution. Clearance is decreased.
- Propranolol (Inderal® LA)
- Use caution. Clearance is decreased.
- Propranolol (Innopran® XL)
- Exposure is increased. Start with 80 mg once daily and monitor for marked bradycardia and hypotension.
- Timolol (Blocadren®)
- Clearance is decreased. Use caution.
- Liver disease dosing
- Atenolol (Tenormin®)
- Manufacturer makes no specific dosage recommendations
- Atenolol undergoes little or no liver metabolism
- Bisoprolol (Zebeta®)
- For patients with significant liver disease, the initial dose should be 2.5 mg a day
- Dosage increases should be done with caution
- Carvedilol (Coreg®)
- Carvedilol is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh > B)
- Labetalol (Trandate®)
- Labetalol should be used with caution
- Manufacturer makes no specific dosage recommendations
- Metoprolol (Toprol®, Lopressor®)
- Blood levels are likely to be increased. Start therapy at lower doses and increase gradually.
- Nadolol (Corgard®)
- Nadolol is not metabolized by the liver and is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. Liver disease by itself would not be expected to affect nadolol clearance.
- Nebivolol (Bystolic®)
- Child-Pugh B: recommended starting dose is 2.5 mg once a day; titrate slowly as needed
- Child-Pugh C: not recommended
- Pindolol (Visken®)
- Poor hepatic function may cause blood levels of pindolol to increase substantially. Use caution.
- Propranolol (Inderal®)
- Propranolol is extensively metabolized by the liver. Use caution. Clearance is decreased.
- Propranolol (Inderal® LA)
- Propranolol is extensively metabolized by the liver. Use caution. Clearance is decreased.
- Propranolol (Innopran® XL)
- Exposure is increased. Start with 80 mg once daily and monitor for marked bradycardia and hypotension.
- Timolol (Blocadren®)
- Clearance is decreased. Use caution.
- DRUG INTERACTIONS
- NOTE: The drug interactions presented here are NOT all-inclusive. Other interactions may exist. Drug interaction checkers provide the most efficient and practical way to check for interactions among multiple medications. A free interaction checker is available from Drugs.com (see Drugs.com interactions checker).
- All beta blockers
- Catecholamine depleting drugs - concomitant use of catecholamine-depleting drugs (e.g. reserpine, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors) with beta blockers may increase the risk of hypotension and bradycardia
- Clonidine (Catapres®) - abruptly stopping clonidine in patients taking beta blockers can lead to severe rebound hypertension. When clonidine and a beta blocker are taken together, and clonidine is to be discontinued, it is recommended that the beta blocker be stopped several days before clonidine is withdrawn. Clonidine can then be tapered over 2 - 4 days.
- Medications that slow the heart rate - all beta blockers slow the heart rate. When they are taken with other heart rate-slowing medications, the effect may be potentiated, and bradycardia can occur.
- Common medications that slow the heart rate
- Amiodarone (Cordarone®)
- Calcium channel blockers (diltiazem and verapamil)
- Clonidine (Catapres®)
- Digoxin (Lanoxin®)
- Fingolimod (Gilenya®)
- Ivabradine (Corlanor®)
- Siponimod (Mayzent®)
- Sulfonylureas (glimepiride, glipizide, Glucotrol®, etc.) - beta blockers may potentiate the effect of sulfonylureas. The significance of this effect is unclear. [95]
- Carvedilol (Coreg®)
- Cyclosporine (Neoral®) - carvedilol can increase cyclosporine levels [13]
- CYP2D6 inhibitors - may increase carvedilol levels
- CYP2D6 poor metabolizers - poor CYP2D6 metabolizers may have increased blood levels of carvedilol
- Labetalol (Trandate®)
- Cimetidine (Tagamet®) - cimetidine may increase labetalol levels [86]
- Metoprolol (Toprol®, Lopressor®)
- CYP2D6 inhibitors - metoprolol is a CYP2D6 sensitive substrate. CYP2D6 strong inhibitors have been shown to double metoprolol concentrations. The effects of moderate and weak inhibitors have not been studied, but they also likely increase exposure. Use caution when combining CYP2D6 inhibitors with metoprolol. Higher plasma concentrations of metoprolol decrease its cardioselectivity.
- CYP2D6 poor metabolizers - poor CYP2D6 metabolizers may have increased metoprolol exposure. Use caution.
- Nebivolol (Bystolic®)
- CYP2D6 inhibitors - may increase nebivolol levels
- Pindolol (Visken®)
- Thioridazine (Mellaril®) - thioridazine may increase pindolol levels and vice versa [85]
- Propranolol (Inderal®)
- Bile Acid Sequestrants (Questran, etc®) - bile acid sequestrants may decrease the absorption of propranolol [87]
- CYP2D6 substrates and inhibitors - may increase propranolol levels
- CYP1A2 substrates / inhibitors / inducers - may increase or decrease propranolol levels
- CYP2C19 substrates and inhibitors - may increase propranolol levels
- Rizatriptan (Maxalt®) - propranolol increases rizatriptan levels. See rizatriptan for dosing recommendations.
- Warfarin (Coumadin®) - propranolol may increase warfarin levels
- Zileuton (Zyflo®) - zileuton has been shown to increase blood levels of propranolol
- Timolol (Blocadren®)
- CYP2D6 strong inhibitors - timolol is a CYP2D6 sensitive substrate. CYP2D6 inhibitors may increase timolol exposure.
| Beta blocker metabolism and clearance | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug | CYP1A2 | CYP2C9 | CYP2C19 | CYP2D6 | P-glycoprotein | OCT2 |
| Carvedilol | - | Substrate | - | Substrate | Substrate and inhibitor | - |
| Metoprolol | - | - | - | Substrate | - | - |
| Nebivolol | - | - | - | Substrate | - | - |
| Pindolol | - | - | - | - | - | Substrate |
| Propranolol | Substrate | - | Substrate | Substrate | Substrate and inhibitor | - |
| Timolol | - | - | Minor substrate | Major substrate | - | - |
| Atenolol | Not well defined | |||||
| Bisoprolol | Not well defined | |||||
| Labetalol | Mainly metabolized through glucuronidation | |||||
| Nadolol | Not well defined | |||||
- PRICE ($) INFO
Pricing legend
- $ = 0 - $50
- $$ = $51 - $100
- $$$ = $101 - $150
- $$$$ = > $151
- Pricing based on one month of therapy at standard dosing in an adult
- Pricing based on information from GoodRX.com®
- Pricing may vary by region and availability
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Manufacturer's PI